Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) was a
German political and military leader and one of the 20th century's most
powerful dictators. Hitler converted Germany into a fully militarized society
and launched World War II in 1939. He built the Nazi Party into a mass movement.
He hoped to conquer the entire world, and for a time dominated most of Europe
and much of North Africa. He instituted sterilization and euthanasia measures
to enforce his idea of racial purity among German people and caused the
slaughter of millions of Jews, Sinti and Roma (Gypsies), Slavic peoples, and
many others, all of whom he considered inferior.
After he became a voice in the
Nazi party, his good public speaking manner gave him many supporters. Hitler
obtained enough support to have himself chosen as Führer (absolute leader) of
the party on July 29, 1921.
Hitler appealed to a wide variety
of people by combining an effective and carefully rehearsed speaking style with
what looked like absolute sincerity and determination. He found a large audience
for his program of national revival, racial pride in Germanic values, hatred
for France and of Jews and other non-German races, and disdain for the Weimar
Republic. Hitler asserted only a dictatorship could rescue Germany from the
depths to which it had fallen.
The victory of the Nazi Party,
which had campaigned vigorously for the rejection of all of Germany's financial
obligations, caused foreign investors to withdraw their money from Germany, and
the German banking system collapsed due to lack of capital. As economic
conditions worsened, the appeal of the Nazis was far more effective than that
of other parties: The Nazis were the one group that claimed to have all the
answers. In a short time, the other political parties lost voters to the Nazis.
Unemployment rose drastically, and in this time of great economic hardship many
who had never voted before were drawn to the Nazi Party, which offered
simplistic but appealing solutions to their problems and was not tied to one
class or interest group. Consequently, they believed it could establish a
government that would be more effective than the republic. In elections held in
1932, the Nazis received more votes than any other party, and Hitler demanded
that President Hindenburg appoint him chancellor.
Immediately upon becoming
chancellor, Hitler moved to strengthen his power. He persuaded President
Hindenburg to issue a decree suspending all civil liberties in Germany. A
subservient legislature passed the Enabling Act, which permitted Hitler's government
to make laws without legislative approval. The act effectively made the
legislature powerless. Hitler then installed loyal Nazis in important posts in
the bureaucracy, the judiciary, and the German provincial governments. He
replaced all labor unions with the Nazi-controlled German Labor Front and
banned all political parties except his own. The economy, the media, and all
cultural activities were brought under Nazi authority. An individual's
livelihood was made dependent on his or her political loyalty. Thousands of
anti-Nazis were taken to concentration camps—the existence of which was widely
publicized—and all signs of dissent were suppressed. A massive propaganda
campaign celebrated the end of democracy in Germany, and huge, staged
demonstrations gave the impression that everyone supported Hitler.
In 1933 Hitler initiated policies
to rid the Aryan race of undesirable elements and eliminate other races that he
considered inferior and dangerous to the Germans. The first discriminatory laws
against Jews came in 1933. These laws barred Jews from government employment
and restricted their admission to universities. In subsequent years, the
anti-Semitic laws became increasingly harsh, as Jews were deprived of
citizenship, excluded from more and more jobs, forbidden to own cars, thrown
out of public schools, and stripped of their property. He later began the
process of German rearmament and militarization which eventually lead to World
War II. He waged war with Poland, with Slovakia, Belgium, Luxemburg and other
surrounding countries. He intended attacking USA but was shorthanded. His
troops planned to kill all Jews in the portions of the USSR they occupied and
began the process in 1941.
In late July 1941, Hitler decided
to extend the systematic killing of Jews to all of German-occupied Europe.
After the renewed German offensive in the USSR in October 1941 appeared to make
great progress, he decided the time had come to go even further: All Jews on
earth would be killed. However, the Nazis found that German police and soldiers
who did the killing were often traumatized by the experience. To make the
slaughter faster and less stressful, the Germans built specially designed death
camps, primarily in occupied Poland, to which Jews and other prisoners from all
over Europe were transported. These camps contained large gas chambers where
hundreds of prisoners at a time could be quickly, easily, and impersonally
murdered by poison gas.
When some of his military
strategies started to fail and british and American bombers started to destroy
his industries, even assassination attempts made on him, he appointed Karl
Dönitz, the head of the navy and a devoted Nazi, as his successor. He then
married his mistress Eva Braun and committed suicide in Berlin on April 30,
1945.
Ugly Experiments Facilitated By Hitler...
Despite the obvious evils that Nazis inflicted on the world, behind
closed doors doctors and scientists were conducting some of the most abhorrent
and disturbing experiments on human subjects.
According to NOVA, there
were 30 such Nazi human experiments performed on concentration camp prisoners.
The result was unimaginable pain, mutilation, disability
and ultimately death.
Here is a list of the
most shocking and evil experiments that you may not have ever heard about.
1. Freezing
Nazi doctors submerged victims in vats of icy water for periods of up to five hours
in an attempt to find ways to treat German pilots forced to eject into icy
ocean water. The victims were either naked or dressed in aviator suits and
submerged in water. Others were taken outside into the freezing cold and
strapped down naked.
2. Twins
The infamous Dr. Josef
Mengele experimented on twins in an effort to learn the secrets of multiple
births and to find a way to quickly multiply the German race. Mengele’s
experiments were performed on prisoners at Auschwitz. He experimented on 1,000
pairs of twins. Roughly 200 survived those experiments. When twins were of no
more use to Mengele, he’d dispatch subjects with an injection of chloroform
straight to the heart.
3. Tuberculosis
Other Nazi doctors wanted
to see if some people had a natural immunity to tuberculosis in order to
develop a vaccine. Dr. Kurt Heissmeyer injected the tuberculosis bacteria
directly into the lungs of his victims at the Neungamme concentration camp. He
was responsible for the deaths of at least 200 people.
4. Phosgene Gas
Nazis subjected 52 concentration camp prisoners to
Phosgene gas in an attempt to find an antidote to the compound. Phosgene was
used as a biological weapon during WWI. The Nazis intentionally exposed victims
to the gas, causing unbearable irritation in the lungs. Many prisoners, already
malnourished and weak, suffered further complications after the experimental
exposure, and four died.
5. Transplant Experiments
The Nazis wanted to know
if a person’s joints and limbs could be removed and transplanted into someone
else. These cruel experiments led to scores of concentration camp prisoners
having limbs needlessly amputated. Every attempt to transplant a limb or joint
was a failure. Many were killed, mutilated and exposed to excruciating pain.
Sections of muscle, bone and nerves were also removed in fruitless attempts to
regenerate those body parts.
6. Sea Water
Infamous Nazi doctor Hans Eppinger tried to make seawater
drinkable, but failed. Scientists forced about 90 Gypsies to drink only seawater,
and deprived them of all food or fresh water. The victims reportedly licked a
freshly mopped floor just to get a small amount of fresh water. Serious bodily
injury resulted from these horrible experiments.
7. Poison
The Nazis also used poison to torture and kill inmates. At the Buchenwald
concentration camp, Russian prisoners were injected with experimental poisons
as scientists worked to develop new methods of execution. One was a combination
of phenol and cyanide.
Other experiments included adding toxic chemicals to food
or shooting prisoners with poison bullets. Those who didn’t die during the
experiments were murdered so that an autopsy could determine what impact the
poison actually had.
8. Artificial Insemination
The notorious Heinrich
Himmler himself ordered a Nazi doctor to artificially inseminate concentration
camp prisoners though various experimental methods. Dr. Carl Clauberg
artificially inseminated about 300 women at Auschwitz, who were strapped down
and taunted mercilessly. Clauberg told his victims that he had used animal
sperm to create a monster inside of them.
All these terrible deeds! A man with such barbaric and cruel blood deserves worse more than the way he ended. It's unfortunate that the thousands of innocent blood he shed could not be adequately compensated—one of the ugly things about war. That's why we don't need a Third World War.
Say Yes to Peace!
Microsoft Encarta 2009, TopSecretWriters.com,
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